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Liraglutide is a once-daily injectable prescription medication belonging to the class of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists.
What It Is Used For
• Type 2 Diabetes: Brand name Victoza (and FDA-approved generic liraglutide injection) is used alongside diet and exercise to lower blood sugar in adults and children aged 10 and older. It is also approved to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events (like heart attack or stroke) in adults with type 2 diabetes and established heart disease.
• Chronic Weight Management: Brand name Saxenda is used along with a reduced-calorie diet and exercise for chronic weight management in adults and children aged 12 and older with obesity or overweight.
How It Works
• Insulin Secretion: It helps the pancreas release the right amount of insulin when blood sugar levels are high.
• Hepatic Glucose Control: It stops the liver from making and releasing too much sugar.
• Appetite and Digestion: It slows down stomach emptying, increases feelings of fullness (satiety), and decreases appetite.
Administration and Dosing
• Route: Given as a subcutaneous (under the skin) injection once a day in the stomach, thigh, or upper arm.
• Rotation: You should rotate injection sites and use a brand-new needle for each injection.
• Titration: Treatment usually starts at a low dose (such as 0.6 mg daily) and is gradually increased over a few weeks as directed by a healthcare provider.
Common and Serious Side Effects
• Common Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, indigestion, and decreased appetite (most frequent when starting or increasing the dose).
• Serious Risks:
• Pancreatitis (severe stomach pain radiating to the back)
• Gallbladder problems or gallstones
• Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), particularly if combined with insulin or sulfonylureas
• Thyroid C-cell tumors (boxed warning; contraindicated in people with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2)
• Not safe for use during pregnancy