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Teriparatide is a synthetic, 34-amino-acid peptide that represents the active N-terminal fragment of the human parathyroid hormone (PTH 1–34).
What It Is & How It Works
• Structure: Unlike full-length human parathyroid hormone, which contains 84 amino acids, teriparatide uses only the first 34 amino acids required to bind to PTH1 receptors.
• Anabolic Action: When given as a low-dose, intermittent daily injection, it acts as a bone-forming (anabolic) agent. It stimulates osteoblasts (bone-building cells) more than osteoclasts (bone-breaking cells), increasing bone mineral density and strength.
Approved Medical Uses
• Osteoporosis: Prescribed for postmenopausal women and men with high fracture risk, or those who cannot use other treatments.
• Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: Used in men and women with high fracture risk due to sustained steroid therapy.
• Brand & Generic Names: Widely known under the brand name Forteo, as well as various biosimilar or generic subcutaneous formulations.
Important Safety & Usage Guidelines
• Duration Limit: Lifetime use of teriparatide and related PTH analogs is typically restricted to a maximum of 2 years.
• Administration: Given as a daily subcutaneous (under-the-skin) injection, often paired with calcium and vitamin D supplements.
• Potential Risks: Animal studies showed a risk of osteosarcoma (bone cancer) at high doses, leading to a boxed warning, though human studies have not established a clear increased risk. Initial doses may cause transient dizziness or lightheadedness upon standing